2012-02-28

The Transience of Physical Existence


“Oh good man! I have expounded the transience of what is non-physical, and the meaning is now established. Also, for your sake, I shall explain the transience of physical existence. This physical [existence] does not have any eternal quality; basically, it has no life. (Once) born, it must die. When the body of a person is still in the womb, at kalala stage (fetal), there is nothing of the life entity [there]. Because it changes when is born. Such things of the objective world as buds, stems and trunks also do not have any entity (a priori), since when born, each one (of these things) changes. On this basis, we know that all physical things are transient. Oh good man! All the sense-faculties of the human change over time; their sense-faculties ['adhyatman-rupa'] are different at kalala stage [fetal stage, seven days after conception], in arbuda phase [second week] ghana [fourth stage], pesi [third week] during pregnancy, at the time of birth, in childhood, in youth, and up to the time of old age. So it is with the 'things of the objective world."

Differences are noted [become
manifest] on things as: buds, stems, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. Also, furthermore, oh good man! The mental perception also differs. Changes occur since the kalala stage (fetal stage) up to the days of old age. The perception of objective things (physical) also differs. The perception differs at the stages of bud, stem, leaf, flower and fruit. The strength differs since the time of kalala up to old age, shape and appearance differ since the time of kalala up to old age; the results (rewards) of karma differ from the time of kalala up to the time of old age, the name differs from the time of kalala up to old age. The so-called sense-faculties of humans break up, return, and associate themselves [in their previous state]. We know that this is impermanent. These things of the objective world as trees break and join together. Thus, we see them as impermanent. A thing emerges gradually. So, we know that it must be non-eternal. As it (the life) gradually emerges from the time of kalala up to the time of old age; so buds, fruits and seeds arise. So we see that a physical thing dies out. Thus, what we see is non-eternal.

Differences are noted from the time of death of the kalala stage up to the time of death of the old age, and since the time of death of the bud up to the time of death of the fruit. Thus, we see that there is impermanence.
Common mortals do not know this. As things carry on alike, they conclude and say that what exists is eternal. For this reason, I say non-eternal. If there is the non-eternal, what exists is suffering. If there is suffering, this is nothing more than the impure. Oh good man! When Kashyapa once asked me about this, I had already answered [this question] at that time.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-27

The Transience of Mind


“Oh good man! The mind is non-eternal. Why is that? Because its nature is always stimulated by external things to respond and discriminate things. Oh good man! The nature of what the eye sees is different, and this applies to all the ways down to that of what the mind thinks, which is different. Hence, (it is) non-eternal. Oh good man! The field of cognition of matter ['rupa'] is different, and this applies to where the field of cognition of dharmas is different. Hence, non-eternal. Oh good man! The concomitant elements of visual consciousness are different, and this applies down to (across all the senses) the concomitant elements of mental consciousness, which are different. Hence, non-eternal. Oh good man! If the mind were eternal, visual consciousness alone could call forth all elements. Oh good man! If visual consciousness is different and if this applies down to the mental consciousness which (also) is different, we see that (the mind) is non-eternal. The aspects of the elements look the same (immutable), and these come about and die out moment after moment. Thus, common mortals look and conclude that they are eternal. As all causal relations operate against and break the immutability (of things), we say non-eternal. We gain visual consciousness through the eyes, matter, light and thought. When gustatory consciousness arises, place and cause differ. This is not the causal relation of visual consciousness. The things are thus for all the ways (senses), down to consciousness of thinking, in which things differ. Also, furthermore, oh good man! Because the causal relations of all things dissolve, we say that the mind is non-eternal. The way to practice the non-eternal differs. If the mind were eternal, one would have to practice the non-eternal forever. And one could not meditate on suffering, the Void, and selflessness. And how could one meditate on the Eternal, Bliss, Self, and the Pure? For this reason, the teachings of the Tirthikas are unable to embrace the Eternal, Bliss, Self, and the Pure. Oh good man! You should know that the mind is definitely non-eternal. Also, furthermore, oh good man! As the nature of the mind is different, we say non-eternal. This is as in the case of the so-called nature of the Sravaka’s mind, which is different, as in the case of the Pratyekabuddha, which is different, and the mind of all Buddhas, which is different. There are three kinds of mind [attitude, mindset] amongst the Tirthikas, namely: 1) mind of renunciation, 2) mind of home life, and 3) mind that works against and departs from the home life. There are differences of the concomitant thoughts, such as bliss, sorrow, non-sorrow and non-bliss, greed, anger, and ignorance. Also, there are different mental aspects with the Tirthikas, which are those of the concomitant mind of ignorance, doubt, twisted views, mind of deportment regarding walking and stopping. Oh good man! If the (state of) mind were eternal, one could not discriminate all colors as blue, yellow, red, white, and purple. Oh good man! If the mind were eternal, there could be no forgetting of anything placed in memory. Oh good man! If the mind were eternal, there could be no increase in reading and recitation. Also, furthermore, oh good man! If the mind were eternal, we could not say that one has done, is doing, or will be do. If there is what was done, what is being done, or what will be done, know that this [way of] thinking is definitely non-eternal. Oh good man! If the mind were eternal, there could be no enmity, friendship, or non-enmity and non-friendship [that is, because the state of mind would never change]. If the mind were eternal, there could be no thought, nor what-belongs-to-other, death or birth. If the mind were eternal, no actions could accumulate (karma). Oh good man! For these reasons, know that the nature of mind is different in each case. This difference tells us that what we have here is non-eternal.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-17

Pearls of Universe - Volume II

“Oh good man! Wherever this All-Wonderful Great Nirvana Sutra goes, that place - you should know - is indestructible. The people who live there are also adamantine. Anyone who hears this sutra will attain unsurpassed Enlightenment, and never draws back from it. Such people will gain whatever they wish to have. Oh, you Bhiksus! Uphold well what I say to you today. Any people who do not hear this sutra are, you should know, much to be pitied. Why is so? Because such people cannot uphold the deep meaning of a Mahayana Sutra like this."

Read More on Pearls of Universe - Volume II.


2012-02-15

The Real Truth

The Bodhisattva Manjushri said to the Buddha: "Oh World Honored One! What means the real truth? "

The Buddha said: "Oh good man! By 'real truth' is meant the Wonderful Dharma. Oh good man! If something is not true, we do not say 'real truth'. Oh good man! There is nothing inverted in the real truth. When there is nothing inverted, we say ‘real truth’. Oh good man! There is no falsehood in the real truth. If the falsehood resides [there], we do not speak of real truth. Oh good man! The real truth is the Mahayana. If not the Mahayana, we do not say 'real truth'. The ‘real truth’ is what the Buddha says, and not what Mara says. If is of Mara and not of the Buddha, we do not say 'real truth'. Oh good man! The ‘real truth’ is a pure and single path, and not two paths. Oh good man! That which is Eternal, Bliss, Self, and Pure is the ‘real truth’."

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-14

The Five Secular Dharma

“Oh good man! There are five kinds of secular dharma, which are: 1) the world of names, 2) the world of sentences, 3) the world of bonds, 4) the world of law and 5) the world of clinging. Oh good man! What is the world of names? [Things] such as man, woman, pot, clothing, vehicle (car) and house are all of the world of names. Something such as a gatha (verse) of four lines belongs to the world of sentences. What are the things of the world of bonds? Things such as joining, binding, restraining and folding of the hands (in reverence) are (things) of the world of bonds. What is the world of law? Calling the bhiksus by hammering (the bells), warning soldiers by drumming and announcing the time by sounding a horn are (things) of the world of law. What belongs to the world of clinging? Seeing from afar a person wearing a colorful clothes, one imagines that this is a Shramana, and not a Brahmin; seeing a person with fabrics, one thinks that this is a Brahmin, and not a Shramana. This is what belongs to the world of clinging (paradigms). Oh good man! Thus goes with the five kinds of things in the world. Oh good man! If the mind of beings, [when confronted with these] five worldly phenomena, do not get turned upside down, but recognize things just as they are, this is the truth of 'Paramartha-satya' ('Ultimate Reality').”
 
Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-13

Craving is Like a Comet

“Oh good man! Why is it like a comet? For example, when a comet appears, famine and illness increases, and people become lean through illness and suffer from worries. The same goes for the comet of desire. It indeed cuts off all the seeds of good and makes common mortals suffer from loneliness, famine, and illness of defilement, causing them to recycle between births and deaths, and suffer from many sorrows. Only the Bodhisattva is not amongst these. This is why we say that things proceed as in the case of a comet.

Oh good man! There are these nine kinds of meditation on the bond of craving, to be made by a Bodhisattva-Mahasattva who abides in the teachings of the Mahayana Mahaparinirvana.”
 
Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-10

Craving is Like a Storm

“Oh good man! How is it the craving like a storm? For example, it's like when a storm shatters a mountain, erodes peaks and uproots deep-rooted trees. The same happens with the storm of craving. One [might] gain an evil mind against one's parents and uproot the root of Enlightenment (as deep) as of the greatly learned Shariputra, which is unsurpassed and firm. Only the Bodhisattva is not of this group. This is why we say that it (the craving) is like a storm.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-09

Craving is Like the Spongy Flesh of a Boil

“Oh good man! How is craving like the spongy flesh of a boil? When a boil exists for a long time, there comes about a spongy flesh. The person patiently tries to cure it and the thought about it never leaves his mind. If one allows it to leave his mind (forgets it), the spongy flesh increases and worms may come about. As a result, the person dies. The same occurs with the boils of common mortals and the ignorant. The craving grows as a spongy flesh. One has to make effort and heal this spongy flesh of craving. If one does not, when one’s life ends, the three unfortunate realms await one. But the Bodhisattva is not amongst these. This is why we say that (craving) is like the spongy flesh of a boil.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-08

Craving is Like a Maruka

“Oh good man! Why is craving like a maruka [wisteria] seed? For example, a bird can peck it and it can fall to the ground, amid the waste, or it can be carried by the wind to beneath a tree, where it grows and winds itself around a ficus (niagrodha), so that the tree cannot grow and finally dies. The same goes with the maruka seed of craving. It winds itself around the good done by common mortals and finally kills him. [The good] having died, it [the common mortal] ends in the three unfortunate realms, except for the Bodhisattva. This is why we say that the things which one gets are as in the case of the maruka.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-07

Craving is Like a Lustful Woman

“Oh good man! How is it that things happen as with a lustful woman? For example, an ignorant person befriends a lustful woman, who cleverly feigns, flatters, and shows familiarity, and takes all the money and wealth of that person. When everything is over, the woman leaves him. So do things go with the lustful woman of craving. The dull and those who have no wisdom lean for her. This woman of craving deprives them of all that is good. When the good comes to the end, the craving leads them into the three evil realms, except the Bodhisattva. This is why we say that things happen as with a lustful woman.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-03

Craving is Like a Hateful Gluttony

“Oh good man! Why do we say that, inevitably, we partake of what is not helpful?  For example, there is a man here who partakes of what is useless. Having partaken, he feels a pain in his stomach, suffers from diarrhea, and dies. The same happens with the food of craving. All the beings of the five realms cling to gluttony. As a result, they get reborn in the three evil realms, except the Bodhisattva. This is why we speak of ‘eating what is not helpful’.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-02

Craving is Like a Beautiful Flower

"Oh good man! Why do we say that a viper lives in a beautiful flower? For example, a man, by nature, loves beautiful flowers. He does not notice a worrying viper anywhere. He steps forth, catches hold the flower, gets bitten by the viper and dies. The same is the case with all common mortals. They devour the flowers of the five desires. Not seeing the viper within craving, they are captured. Bitten by the viper of craving, they die and get reborn in the unfortunate realms. It is otherwise with the Bodhisattva. This is why we say that it is as in the case of 'a beautiful flower in which hides a viper’."

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.

2012-02-01

Craving is Like a Rakshasa Woman

“Why do we say that craving is like a rakshasa woman? Oh good man! As an example, there is a man who gains a rakshasa woman as his wife. The rakshasa woman gives birth to a child. But after it is born, she devours it. Having devoured it, she also devours her own husband. Oh good man! The rakshasa woman of craving is also like this. All beings gain good children. But, as they are born, are devoured. When the good child is devoured, the craving devours beings (themselves) and gives them life in the realms of hell, animals, and hungry ghosts. Only the Bodhisattva is an exception. This is why we say 'as in the case of a rakshasa woman'.”

Read More on the Nirvana Sutra, Chapter 20 - On Holy Actions 2.